In this fitness business, the word coach gets tossed around more than a tithing bucket on a Sunday. Its important to recognize this overuse, because the word denotes a job, as well as a certain set of requirements. If the job description is not met consistently, then we are an industry with no standard. As such, our reputation and our ability to help people diminishes greatly.
Monday, February 22, 2016
SS Weekly Report February 22, 2016
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News
Announcements
Submit your imagesto enter this months Under the Bar prize drawing.
Articles
John Musser considers the importance of being strong and getting the job done when it counts in Strength Training and the Firefighter.
Videos
From the archives: Rip details the bar position for the Squat.
Training Log
Matt Reynolds and Rip remind everyone of The Difference between Starting Strength and Powerlifting.
Starting Strength Channel
Ask Rip #21 - Topics include the strongest individual Rip has ever witnessed, whether a hamstring pull is a terminal condition, how and when Rip met Bill Starr, what data novices should track, and incredibly important appearance advice.
From the Coaches
Matt Lanzi describes his experience as an intern at Black Iron Training.
Under the Bar
In preparation for the May Starting Strength Seminar, FiveX3 Training intern Bob coaches an out of town guest on the bench. [photo courtesy of FiveX3 Training]
Chris Kuriskos newest intern, Kristen Everhardt, hits a squat PR of 195 for 5. [photo courtesy of Black Iron Training]
Spencer Irvin with 315 5x3 - slowly adding weight to the bar. [photo courtesy of Black Iron Training]
Click images to view slideshow.
Submit your images to report@startingstrength.com
Submission guidelines to enter this months Under the Bar prize drawing.
Best of the Week
Texas Method programming, female
yeshevt
Im 54, ~120 lbs, female, in early twenties.
I started TM a couple weeks ago using the template for women in Practical Programming. This week my volume day squat was 190lbs (90% of Fridays intended 210 3RM PR) for 6x3 but I was only able to complete 5 sets, not 6, and it was *very* difficult (and this is at the low end of the 90-95% range for VD in the book). Its mentioned in the book that a set can be dropped on volume day, but the sample progression for women also shows an increase of 2.5 lbs each week on the squat VD and ID rather than 5 lbs, which is what Ive been doing. I have 1/2-lb microplates so I can increase in 1 lb increments.
My question is: should I drop a set on volume day and only do 5 sets of 3 (seems low volume to me) or change my progress to, say, 3 lbs per week instead of 5? Also, should I still attempt Fridays intended 3RM PR this week? With no coach, experience, or even any experienced friends, Im nervous about tweaking the TM for myself. Thanks for any help.
Andy Baker
5x3 is plenty of volume. Is your Intensity day increasing? Remember, the whole goal of the TM is go generate progress on the low volume / high intensity work that occurs on Friday. The volume day is just a calibration knob that either turns the heat up or down to generate optimal results on Friday.
If you experience regression on Friday, then you volume might be too high or your numbers are all just off. If you just get stuck then you might need to dial up the volume a bit on Monday.
Tweak all you need. Thats how you learn. In your 20s you still have time for mistakes.
Best of the Forum
Gaining strength with minimal muscle hypertrophy
MRP
Do people with bigger muscles, (aka strong muscle heads who dont run marathons and 5ks and do insane amounts of cardio), use more oxygen (air) than those with leaner muscles, (aka kenyan types who dont ever want to touch a barbell and all they do is run and do situps and eat like rabbits), during strenuous activity?
I am a Probationary Firefighter, and as such have been bombarded during this first year of entering my profession with multiple different theories of the way to exercise. There is a video that has been widespread in our department that talks about air consumption and out of air fire-ground emergencies. There is a part of the video that states in essence that a leaner, more physically fit firefighter is more effective than a firefighter who is more muscular due to the aforementioned increased use of oxygen by the muscles.
Mark Rippetoe
If you want to get strong the hard way without growing just train without eating enough to grow, and the process will limit itself. The more interesting question about VO2 efficiency is probably out of my bailiwick, but Ill take a stab at it. Oxygen utilization is probably more dependent on biomechanical efficiency than it is muscle size. Learning to efficiently haul the hose up the stairs will reduce the effort required, and thus drop the O2 consumed. Submaximal efforts do not utilize as much muscle mass as more maximal efforts, since submaximal efforts utilize lower numbers of motor units. Therefore, a strong, efficient firefighter will be more effective under the mask at whatever bodyweight his strength is developed most efficiently. This probably argues for strength development at the expense of the added bodyweight.
But heres a better question, derived from our military interests: what is the worst-case scenario in the field, and what physical attribute mitigates it best?
Steve Hill
What Mark is asking here is How much does your friend in all his bunker gear weigh, and can you carry him out if you need to?
Mac Ward
The question that comes to mind is, How much more oxygen is a 220lb strong guy using than a 185lb not as strong but still somewhat strong guy using? Further, is this difference enough to give the 185lb firefighter another 30 seconds? A full minute? Two minutes? How much more time is it worth? Which in your job is more important strong enough to do whatever task is thrown at you, or the extra amount of time (which may be relatively miniscule) to do it? Tough questions, and I imagine that it is largely dependent on the individual and not universally the same.
I imagine that a firefighters oxygen consumption is up regardless of BW as he runs into a burning building, wearing a shitload of gear, sweating his ass off, trying not to get killed. Mine just jumped a little thinking about it.
Certainly if you cant breathe, you cant do much else, but if youre standing there breathing and looking at the task you are incapable of performing
poplawsj
Having been a Career Firefighter (admittedly for a short time) I have a couple things to say here.
the number one factor in real life affecting how long your air supply lasts is your attitude and breathing control. I have seen HUGE 225+ lbs. veterans who stayed fit make their air last way longer and accomplish way more on the fire ground than the fresh 170 lbs. pound rookie who had the training class record for making his SCBA last the longest (incidentally he loved to run marathons). With that said the worst guy is always the one whos a fatass.
Learn and practice controlled breathing. Learn to rebreathe. Keep that mask on until it sucks to your face and you start to gray out (have some one watch you in case you pass out). Subway drills are AWSOME!
My gear alone without any tools or SCBA weighed 55 lbs. The SCBAs weighed either 23 lbs. or 45lbs. (for the Tower guys) and these where the lightweight fiber glass ones which was just the cylinder. add to this your door chalks, Pliers, Wire Cutters, Spanners, Flashlights, and tools and your easily carrying over 110 lbs. on your body.
Everybody, I mean EVERYBODY that I know whos good at their Job is big, everyone from my training class gained weight and the only skinny guys are the paramedics who dont get a lot of fire suppression time. Ive never seen a female officer who wasnt svelte (in a Hot way) or didnt become svelte after getting promoted. Its not just having muscle either. Having an extra 20 or 30 pounds of mass to throw into pulling that 2 or holding it when its flowing (ever see a guy under 190 pounds try and control a 2 line by himself? Its hilarious!).
The number one physical quality a Firefighter needs is work capacity. With that said Strength is the base for increasing all othe physical qualities, it is the raw material from which all others are forged.
Strength train first then finish your workout with some conditioning such as Prowler Pushes, Sled or dummy drags, or intervals but your workout should always be only supplemental to putting your gear on and practicing drills!
New Years Newbies

Affiliate owners offer advice on how to handle the rush when January and February bring prospective clients with fitness goals for 2016.
New year, new younow at a discounted rate!
Its a phrase globo gyms around the world know well as they seek to draw New Years resolutioners who have pledged to get in shape.
Many CrossFit affiliates, however, take a different approach.
I learned from experience I cannot lower the price because it attracts the wrong person, explained Juria Maree, owner of Reebok CrossFit Enduro in Singapore and a member of CrossFits Seminar Staff.
The same is true at CrossFit Meek in Mexico.
We dont do promotion, said affiliate owner Gabriel Garca Merlos. We feel like it will attract the wrong type of people.
Still, a new year brings new clients with goals of being more active. For Maree and Merlos, whats most important is ensuring new athletes are a good fit for the community.
When it comes to the New Years crowd, the bottom line is to be honest and understanding, affiliate owners said.
People really want to change, but sometimes its hard. We have to realize that, Merlos said.
Sunday, February 21, 2016
3 of the Best: This Week's Top Articles, Vol. 18
Welcome to our brand new weekend roundup, Three of the Best! Every Sunday, we'll post up Breaking Muscle's top three articles of the week. These pieces have caught your attention throughout the last seven days. So here they are in one place for you to consume, digest, and enjoy.
Saturday, February 20, 2016
Physician: "He's Basically Cured His Diabetes"

Doctor explains how 48-year-old Pete Katz used diet and CrossFit to stop taking medications for diabetes, high blood pressure and anxiety.
Days before Pete Katz's visits to his primary-care physician, he would go on a diet. It was his vain attempt to nudge his health markers in the right direction. But the short-lived change had little effect on an increasingly grim reality.
"Pete was in a common situation for many patients in that his weight was not ideal. And early on he did not have significant health problems from that," said Dr. J. Harry Isaacson, Katz's physician of roughly 15 years. Isaacson is also assistant dean for clinical education at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine in Ohio.
"Many people end up crossing a threshold where they start to accumulate different health problems from their weight," he said.
For Katz, that threshold was a Type 2 diabetes diagnosis at the age of 41. To treat the disease, the doctor prescribed oral medication. After three years, it wasn't enough. So Isaacson prescribed an injectable drug. This was in addition to Katz's treatments for anxiety and high blood pressure. Injecting himself with medicine and constantly monitoring his insulin put enough fear into Katz that he finally heeded the advice Isaacson had long been giving him: Change your diet and start exercising.
Before then, Katz had tried multiple diets and exercise programs over the years; nothing stuck. This time, he started following the Paleo Diet. About a month later--in November 2012--he had his first class at CrossFit Painesville in Ohio.
Six months after that, Katz was able to discontinue all of his medications.
"He's basically cured his diabetes with his attention to lifestyle," Isaacson said.
How to Build an Indestructible Foundation for Training
In my last article, I shared a phrase I like to use with all my lifting clients:
"Build a big foundation with your feet and you'll build a skyscraper of a squat on them."
Friday, February 19, 2016
3 More Mobility Drills for Solid Overhead Lifts
As I discussed in part one of this series, most of us have been sitting in chairs since we were young. Sitting in a chair for long periods of time tends to pull the head forward and create rounding in the upper and lower back. After a few years of sitting more than moving, we start to live in that posture, making it harder to extend the upper and lower back while sitting, standing or moving in general.
From the Archives: The Squat - Bar Position
The Music Behind "Fittest on Earth: The Story of the 2015 Reebok CrossFit Games"

In this video, composer Chad Cannon offers a look into the creative process behind the music featured in "Fittest on Earth: The Story of the 2015 Reebok CrossFit Games," co-directed by his brother, Heber.
"Since this is a film for CrossFit and there's a lot of energy in CrossFit, I couldn't quite convey that without creating some type of new sound world that can engage with that type of energy level," Chad explains.
Cannon recalls hearing that the film would include music by Junkie XL, a music producer who worked on the soundtrack for "Mad Max: Fury Road" and remixed the Elvis Presley track "A Little Less Conversation" in 2002. Following Junkie XL's lead, Cannon decided to build his own percussion library by creating and recording unique sounds.
"My landlord collects all sorts of metal, so I said, 'Hey, John, we could make a lot of noise with your junk in your junkyard,'" Cannon says.
Using wagon wheels, oil barrels, old gasoline tanks and other scraps, the two set to work building their own musical instruments. Cannon then combined the new with the traditional to "make this original percussion sound" that would "capture the energy" of the CrossFit community.
"Fittest on Earth: The Story of the 2015 Reebok CrossFit Games" premieres on iTunes Tuesday, Feb. 23.
Video by Heber Cannon.
3min 31sec
Additional reading: "CrossFit Inspires Singer's 'Fight'" by Kate Moran, published Jan. 20, 2012.
Thursday, February 18, 2016
The Essential Ingredients of a Solid Strength Program
Sports coaches are constantly exposed to new, exciting exercises via Facebook, Twitter, and every sport-specific strength forum under the sun. But without a proper foundation, it's impossible to process all the information.
The CrossFit Kitchen: Acorn Squash Molcajete

Nick Massie of PaleoNick.com takes his inspiration for this dish from the molcajete, a stone mortar and pestle commonly used in Mexican cuisine. Massie uses halved acorn squashes for his "mortars," piling them high with juicy carne asada, shrimp and tomatillo salsa and baking them until they caramelize and bubble.
First he toasts the garlic in olive oil, and then he adds the tomatillos, browning them to get some color for the sauce. Next, he cuts the squashes in half and removes the seeds with a spoon.
"You can save these seeds if you want to toast them up," he says.
After drizzling the squash halves with oil, he sprinkles them with Cheechako Tako and puts them in the oven until they're half-cooked.
The next step is to add water to the saucepan to finish off the tomatillos--ready when "they're kind of giving out their seeds and just soft to the touch," he says. At that point, the tomatillos can be blitzed with a hand blender or food processor.
Massie prepares the filling by seasoning the beef with Cheechako Tako and mixing in the shrimp and onions. Finally, he adds the salsa to the meat mixture, pours everything into the "molcajetes" and finishes them off in the oven.
To download the recipe for acorn squash molcajete, click here.
Video by Nick Massie.
4min 49sec
Additional reading: "Read 'Em and Eat" by Agnese Smith, published June 24, 2014.
The Difference Between Starting Strength and Powerlifting
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by Matt Reynolds, SSC & Mark Rippetoe
Since Starting Strength's first publication, powerlifters have criticized its recommendations. Their chief complaint has been about the way it teaches the lifts.
It's true that many powerlifters do not squat according to the Starting Strength method. They do not bench the way we bench and our coaches wouldn't teach the sumo deadlift to 99.9% of our lifters.
Rather than shooting down one method for another, the best question to ask is: Why does Starting Strength teach the methods it does and why do powerlifters do what they do? Believe it or not, there are good reasons for both.
When I first attended a Starting Strength Seminar in 2010, I was a long-time competitive powerlifter and had my pro status in the sport of strongman. Mark Rippetoe's emphasis on proven concepts from physics -- like compression, tension, and moment forces -- to explain the lifts, challenged me to reevaluate what I knew about barbell training.
Rip laid out an impenetrable argument for getting strong. Perform exercises that:
use the most muscle mass,
use the greatest effective range of motion, and
use the most weight possible (with proper form).
Most powerlifters would subscribe to Rip's first and third criteria. However, they would NOT subscribe to the 2nd criterion. Instead of lifting for the greatest effective range of motion, they lift weights over the shortest legal range of motion required by their federation.
This is a critical distinction between powerlifting and Starting Strength. It is why we see powerlifters perform ultra-wide-stance squats, sumo deadlifts, and ultra-wide grip bench presses with huge arches where they touch their bellies rather than their chest. All of these "form tweaks" exist for one reason: they decrease the range of motion, allowing the powerlifter to lift more weight in a competitive setting.
Powerlifters perform the competition lifts to get the highest total they can, whereas Starting Strength focuses on getting people generally strong. The differences may be subtle, but they result in different executions of the basic barbell lifts based on the way we use moment (rotational) force.
For the uninitiated, you can think about moment force as "leverage," and it affects the way we stay in balance over the middle of our feet during a squat. We bend over at the torso, assuming a more horizontal back angle, and letting our shoulders come forward as our hips move back and our knees move out. The more a segment (the back, thigh, or shin) sticks out in front of or behind the middle of the foot, the more it must be balanced by the compensating displacement of the other segments. The angles provided by the joints and the length of the attached segments create moment forces on those segments and around the joints.
In order for us to gain strength, we must overcome these moment forces on the different segments of our body, and use our own moment force to lift the weight. For example, in a Starting Strength Squat (or what some call the "low-bar back squat") we see a very horizontal back angle. By placing the longest moment arm and thus the most moment force on the biggest muscles of the body - the glutes, hamstrings, groin muscles, and back muscles - we allow the biggest muscles to get the most work and get strong.
If we compare this with a typical wide-stance, high-bar powerlifting squat, we notice two things. First, the torso on the powerlifter will be much more vertical, thus placing less moment force on the back and hips. Second, because of the ultra-wide stance, the thigh segments will be shorter relative to the sagittal plane, and thus, like the back, have less moment/rotational force on them as well. Additionally, the wider stance - and the lax rules on squat depth enforced by most powerlifting federations - shortens the range of motion on the squat, meaning that the powerlifter does less total work against gravity than the SS lifter, even with the same amount of weight on the bar.
[Used with permission West Point Powerlifting]
The total moment on the body of the powerlifter isn't actually reduced in their version of the squat, but rather transferred from the sagittal (side) plane to the frontal plane, redirected off the back and moved primarily to the thighs - and thus the equipment (the suit and knee wraps) that the rules of the sport permits.
So, who is building stronger lifters?
Answering that question requires a review of the definition of strength: the production of force against an external resistance. Is a lifter that moves 600 pounds over a distance of 30 inches stronger than a lifter that moves 750 pounds over a distance of 15 inches? It is mathematically obvious who does the most work against gravity, since work is Force x Distance. But the powerlifter (and his equipment) moved more weight.Starting Strength's goal is not to train world-class powerlifters. It is, rather, to make normal, average people stronger. Powerlifters lift in a way that allows them to move the bar the shortest legal range of motion in order to lift the most weight. Followers of Starting Strength lift in a way that utilizes the most muscle mass needed to overcome maximal necessary moment in order to get generally strong. Adding a little more weight to the bar isn't the singular goal (as it is in powerlifting), but rather one of three things that we know will help make us stronger:
use the most muscle mass,
use the greatest effective range of motion, and
use the most weight possible (with proper form).
Wednesday, February 17, 2016
3 Musts of Athletic Success: Progression, Support, Nutrition
Charles is here on a weekly basis to help you cut through the B.S. and get some real perspective regarding health and training. Please post feedback or questions to Charles directly in the comments below this article.
Strength Training and the Firefighter
by John Musser
"Many don't understand how dark it is inside a burning house," Brent said. "You simply move toward the glowing fire - you are stumbling and sometimes falling over what's left of somebody's stuff. It is always interesting to go back in afterwards, to see what you got hung up on. But since I've been training, I do have an extra ten minutes of air. That's been helpful."
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"Many don't understand how dark it is inside a burning house," Brent said. "You simply move toward the glowing fire - you are stumbling and sometimes falling over what's left of somebody's stuff. It is always interesting to go back in afterwards, to see what you got hung up on. But since I've been training, I do have an extra ten minutes of air. That's been helpful."
Brent is a volunteer firefighter in his community. He is an older guy in his mid-forties. He has a full time job, an hour commute both ways, stays active with his family, manages a small farm, hunts, shoots and cuts wood. On top of regular life, for the past couple of decades he has spent his spare time going into burning buildings or cutting the twisted remains of a vehicle away from someone after they have flipped their car and slammed into a tree. I first met him several years ago at the gym, prior to becoming a Starting Strength Coach (SSC).
When I got back from The Starting Strength Seminar in 2012, I was jacked up and looking at everyone in the gym a bit differently. For the most part I was, and still am, perfectly content to keep my mouth shut and let them continue on their path to destruction. However, my friends aren't so lucky, and I am quite happy to voice my opinion on their training.
Brent has always been a strong guy, benefiting from good genetics and a lifetime of hard work. At 6' 250 lbs, he had a decent bench and would occasionally jog on the treadmill. When I got back from the seminar in Atlanta, I learned he had a copy of the original book, Starting Strength: A Simple and Practical Guide to Coaching Beginners. You know, the spiral bound one, with the little illustrations on the corners of the pages that move like an old-time cartoon when the pages are flipped.
He trained upper body only - he didn't squat or deadlift. The reasons he detailed were two significant injuries. The first occurred in his early twenties from a skiing crash that twisted his knee and tore some stuff. He wrapped it up, and because he had no insurance at the time, he just limped along. Twenty years later, his knee still hurt and was unstable. Sudden changes in direction or shifting weight when walking or running would cause the knee to give out and send him toppling to the ground.
The second injury was from a ten-foot fall that fractured the heel on his left foot. This caused a slight limp and hurts more often than not. Squatting, Brent said, made his knee worse and his heel hurt more. He didn't squat or deadlift because he was concerned he would cause more damage to his old injuries.
After explaining the process to him and discussing my experiences at the seminar, he wanted to give those lifts another shot. I started coaching him, and we proceeded very carefully. We started light with the best form he could manage, and added weight, a little bit at a time.
Using the Starting Strength Model, Brent has gotten stronger. The old injuries still cause some issues, but he has made progress and continues to do so. According to him, the most positive change is his knee; it no longer aches constantly, and most importantly, hasn't dumped him on the ground in a long time.
Training squats correctly have made the muscles around the joint much stronger, stabilizing the knee. Training the squat, deadlift, press and bench correctly has made the entire system of levers and motors stronger and more efficient, better balanced and more stable, and have increased Brent's proprioception.
As a volunteer firefighter in a rural community, most of his calls to service are either one- or two-story residential structure fires, brush fires, or motor vehicle accidents. The gear a Firefighter wears is called his Personal Protective Equipment, (PPE) or "bunker gear." It consists of heavy fire-resistant pants, a coat, boots, gloves and a helmet. It weighs about twenty pounds. The Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) worn when entering a burning structure brings the weight of this ensemble to between seventy and eighty pounds. The firefighter may also be carrying an ax, a chainsaw, or dragging a heavy hose.
If the firefighters hope to save a residential dwelling it is during the initial push into the burning building - generally accomplished within the first five to ten minutes. The faster the fire is knocked down, the less opportunity the fire has to defeat the structure. The key is getting as much water as possible where it needs to be in the shortest amount of time.
Dependent on their PPE to protect them and the air on their back to breathe, the firefighter enters the burning structure and attacks aggressively. They constantly move forward, knocking the fire down, the smoke and the darkness obscuring their vision, they scan for potential exit paths and for any indicators of structural collapse, all while crouching low or crawling, sometimes stumbling and falling over unseen obstacles they continue to move forward. When their air gets low, an alarm sounds in their face mask, and it is time to go.
After the initial knockdown of the fire, firefighters must overhaul the structure and confirm the fire is completely extinguished. They may already be worn out from knocking the fire down, and now they are in the building making sure the fire is out. Constantly looking for signs the house may collapse, mindful of potential exposed live wires, toxic gases and smoke limit vision and necessitate wearing the SCBA. The mask limits vision even more. This is a dark, ugly, dangerous environment with tired people using power tools and axes.
Prior to beginning the Starting Strength program it was common for Brent to get between 20-25 minutes of air from a 45-minute SCBA cylinder. In just a couple of months of efficient barbell training he got stronger, a little bit at a time, and increased the amount of time he can work while on compressed air. He went from the original 20-25 minutes to 30-35 minutes on a 45-minute tank.{pagebreak}Getting stronger meant his ability to exert maximum force increased. Producing sub-maximal force for multiple repetitions got easier. Being stronger has increased his work capacity and it doesn't require as much effort to do the same work as before. Part of the benefit is not sucking wind.
So, when he is in a burning building, and he can't see and all he can hear is the sound of fire, he gets an extra ten minutes of air. In a burning building, with close to zero visibility, crouching and crawling low to avoid the superheated air, Brent can do more. He said he now uses air more efficiently than people half his age and is able to stay in the fight longer, he watches as younger, smaller, and weaker firefighters retreat, because they are running out of air.
When a vehicle crashes, or rolls and tumbles it deforms and wraps around the occupants. The vehicle's crumple zones absorb energy and collapse around the passenger compartment. Some occupants are "ejected" - a nice word for being launched through a window or door to skid and tear, and potentially have limbs torn off.
And some are trapped. Sometimes the most hideous wreck, one so bad the make and model of the car is impossible to distinguish, still has life inside. Cutting the vehicle out from around them is called "extrication."
In a serious accident, the dash often wraps around the occupant's torso and crushes and pins their legs against the seat. Or maybe it breaks a lower leg and the bones come out of the skin and drive into the dash, getting tangled in wiring and vinyl. The impact can drive the knees back so hard it shatters the hips against the seat back; the tumbling can smash the roof completely flat. If the occupant is unconscious in this tangled mess the scene is quiet, if the person is conscious, the scene is generally not quiet.
It is the Firefighter's job to get the person out of this merging of steel and flesh. He will show up with his twenty plus pounds of protective clothing and either a cutter (30 or 40 lbs.) or a spreader (40 - 60 lbs.), which are specialized hydraulic extrication tools. The typical extrication takes between 5 and 10 minutes, which is normally enough time to remove the doors and peel the roof back. The idea is to cut the vehicle off the person and not the person out of the vehicle. This provides Emergency Medical Services (EMS) the best opportunity to move them without further injury. The goal is to have the victim out and into the hands of EMS in less than 15 minutes.
Every vehicle extrication is different, and the longest one Brent recalls was 45 minutes. It involved a car down in a gulley with the driver's side bent around a power pole, the trapped driver's leg visibly bent in a U shape around the pole. The driver was awake. Brent's increased strength was very noticeable during this drawn-out event.
One has to be strong to cut a deformed car apart with a 40-pound hydraulic tool the size of a vacuum cleaner. To get to a screaming terrified girl begging for help when the door won't budge (despite having cut everything possibly holding it up), to drop the tool and grab that fucker and take a deep breath and hold it, and set your back and pull the door until it breaks loose and skitters down the pavement, one has to be strong.
There is also a very real skill component when fighting a fire or cutting a vehicle off of someone. Both require extensive technical knowledge and experience. But all the skill in the world can be limited in its application if the firefighter is weak. The program has made Brent stronger. He is more stable on his feet and better able to put his considerable hard-earned skill to maximum use.
A common sentiment is "the firefighter has to work the tool and not let the tool work him." Moving effectively in bunker gear, getting back up after a fall, dragging a hose or handling a 40lb piece of hydraulic equipment - often while standing sideways on an embankment and leaning over at some bizarre angle! - all require strength. And don't forget that extra ten minutes of air.
The National Fire Protection Association has written extensive guidance about the number of firefighters and the minimum equipment standards to be observed when responding to a fire or motor vehicle accident. Yup, all sounds good. A volunteer firefighter has already worked all day, driven home, and maybe been asleep for a couple of hours when he gets the call. Not everyone is available all the time, and assistance may be a long way away. Often if they want to help, they work with less than the recommended crew.
On one occasion Brent drove the fire engine, hooked up the hose, and started putting water on the flames from the kitchen door before others arrived. Several times he has been the first to arrive at a mangled vehicle. He works a large rural area with a very low population density. He knows the family whose home is burning; he may know the person in the mangled vehicle - or maybe their mom or dad.
From his experience, Brent understands strength is the most important physical element in this unforgiving profession. He argues being stronger is better than being weaker. He trains only the important lifts - squat, deadlift, press, and bench. From having an increased work capacity that gives him an extra ten minutes of air to fight a fire or increased stability, balance and power to rescue someone's daughter or mom or son or dad out of a vehicle, the program has made him stronger, and being stronger has made him better.
Who do you want showing up when you are bleeding out, upside down in a ditch with your car wrapped around you? Would you prefer someone strong or weak?
John F. Musser is a multi-discipline law enforcement, security and training professional with decades of experience in high-level assignments with both the public and private sectors. He believes the Starting Strength Model is of particular value in satisfying the complex physical and mental requirements of law enforcement and security professionals. Given his deep and multifaceted background, Mr. Musser helps promote the Starting Strength solution through presentations, coaching and discussion focusing on the security and law enforcement communities.
Tuesday, February 16, 2016
Ask Rip #21
Audio version: Starting Strength Podcast 16-02-16
Subscribe: RSS | iTunes
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The Battle for Mexico

Government and CrossFit affiliates fight against Big Soda in a nation where sugary beverages are part of the culture.
"The average family in Mexico (eats) breakfast with soda," said Pablo Romo, owner of CrossFit Lava in Mexico. "They eat (lunch) with soda, they eat dinner with soda. Soda all the time."
In 2011, Mexico led the world in soda consumption, with an average per capita consumption of 43 gallons per year. Unsurprisingly, the country also leads the world in adult obesity. As of 2014, more than 70 percent of adults in Mexico were overweight and 32 percent were obese, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
The country has the world's highest death rate from chronic disease caused by sugary drinks, and Mexico City's secretary of health, Armando Ahued Ortega, expressed concern that the high rate of diabetes is causing Mexico's health system to collapse.
A few years ago, those concerned about public health in Mexico saw disaster looming and fixed their sights on soda.
Upgrade Your Next Flight With These Airport Exercises
Being squished in an airline seat for hours and sitting in a terminal on a layover always tightens my body up for days or even weeks afterward. I have found that being proactive and stretching out as much as possible during and after a flight, combined with staying hydrated, makes a huge difference in 'post-flight recovery.'
Monday, February 15, 2016
A Simple Programming Formula for Any Client
Back when I first started training, things were easy. We read bodybuilding magazines because they were the only thing available, and followed all the routines in them. That usually meant picking a big exercise like squats, bench, or rows for the big muscle groups, followed by lighter accessory exercises.
Complex Drills for Better Human Movement
"Which book or program should I go to so that I don't make mistakes?"
That's the biggest question I get when counseling younger coaches. I always have to explain to them that making mistakes is part of the learning process. Repeating them is the problem. The mistakes I have made have helped me become the coach I am today. Through that evolution and experience, my thoughts on strength training have changed quite drastically.
Is Running Enough for Leg Strength?
No, it doesn't. In my experience and that of coaches I've spoken to, runners are among the weakest trainees we see. I've had healthy marathoners who couldn't squat 45lbs.
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by Karl Schudt, SSC
"I don't need to do squats. I run!" Have you ever heard this? I have. The question: does running give you adequate leg development, so that you can concentrate on your biceps?
No, it doesn't. In my experience and that of coaches I've spoken to, runners are among the weakest trainees we see. I've had healthy marathoners who couldn't squat 45lbs.
Why is this? After all, they are getting lots of leg work, right?
They are getting lots of leg exercise but almost no leg training. They are doing things with their legs that make them tired (and perhaps gives them a runner's high), but don't make their legs stronger. Why not?
It's not hard enough.
Runners running long distances are not stressing their body very much on any individual stride. The proof is that you can run for a long time. If it were hard, you'd have to stop. Running may be uncomfortable, and there may be pain involved, but it's just not that hard. A marathon is not a muscular stress, it's a cardiovascular stress. You are getting better at extracting energy for the demands of long bouts of running, perhaps by increasing the number of mitochondria, but you aren't getting stronger.
There's no progressive overload.
When you first start running, it will be hard on your legs, especially if you are untrained. This rapidly changes as you adapt to the mild muscular demands of the activity. An untrained person will get a little stronger at the beginning, but just getting off the couch will have a training effect for the severely untrained. But you adapt to the strength demands very quickly (1).
Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome explains this: When an organism experiences a stress, it will adapt to that stress through some sort of change of the organism. It will only adapt to that stress, and repeated bouts of the same stress won't cause any more adaptation. Ten minutes of sun every day won't give you a dark tan, because you've adapted to the ten minutes, you don't have to get very dark to adapt to ten minutes in the sun, and then it's not a stress anymore. Playing the guitar will put calluses on the tips of your fingers, but not on the rest of your hand. Running will cause you to adapt the small amount you need to in order to support the strength demands of running, but no more. You need to increase the stress. You need to train.
You could run with rocks in your pockets, but it would be far more efficient and easier on your joints to get yourself to the squat rack.
Running relies on elastic rebound.
It's true that while running, your legs are impacting the ground with a force of about 2000 Newtons (about 450 lbs of force) (2). Up to 60% of this comes from stored elastic energy (3), so it's more like 180lbs of force from each leg's contractile tissues. This is still considerable, right? Why isn't that enough to make me strong? After all, that would be a 340lb squat. Actually, it would be 340 pounds minus your bodyweight, so perhaps a 160lb squat, if you weigh 180 lbs.
But this is still through a very small range of motion. In order to cause a strength adaptation, we want to use the most muscle mass over the longest range of motion with the most weight. In running, there is a light weight moved through a very small range of motion.
Look at the left leg of the runner in the picture: The angle of the knee at the point of impact is only slightly greater than the angle at the push. To put it in barbell terms, it's like a quarter squat, or more like an eighth squat. A 1/8 squat would not cause much strength gain even if the load were increased. Quarter-squats don't produce strength gains in anything but quarter-squats and neither would 1/8 squats (4).
Furthermore, there's very little involvement of the posterior chain. The hip angle may change 30 degrees from impact of the foot to lift-off, and much of the hip extension occurs because of the momentum of the runner. The hip extensors are left largely unstressed, so much so that long-distance runners sometimes can't even squat successfully with the 45lb bar.
What you need to know:
If you insist on running long distances, that's your business, but you should know that your legs aren't strong because of the running. Do your squats and deadlifts, get stronger, and you'll be a better runner.
References
Novice Effect
Cross, Rod. "Standing, walking, running, and jumping on a force plate." American Journal of Physics. April 1999, 304-309.
Thys H, Cavagna GA, Margaria R. "The role played by elasticity in an exercise involving movements of small amplitude." Pflugers Arch. 1975;354(3):281-6.
Hartmann et al. "Influence of squatting depth on jumping performance." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2012 Dec., 3243-3261.
From the Archives: Gripping Matters
by Jordan Feigenbaum, with Dr Craig Goodmurphy & Andrew Schneider
"The grip for the press and bench press, as described in Starting Strength: Basic Barbell Training, creates the most efficient interface for force transfer between a human hand and the barbell. As the author and contributors to this article have confirmed through anatomical dissection and analysis, any other grip would, by definition, be a less efficient manner in which to both hold and transfer muscular force to a barbell."
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Grandpa Tom Robertson on CrossFit: "I Love It!"

Tom Robertson came to a hard realization as he approached his 70th birthday: He could no longer move around like he used to, and with a granddaughter on the way, he wanted to change that.
Robertson's son Kyle was worried about him.
"We all like to delude ourselves when we're losing capacity that we could still really do it if we had to," Kyle says.
Finally, Tom admitted to himself that he needed help. He was no longer able to get up on his own, and that scared him.
"I said, 'God, I need to do something and I started CrossFit.'"
At first he was anxious about joining his son and daughter-in-law at CrossFit Santa Cruz, but then he realized the other members "are just regular people trying hard to get better." For Robertson, his personal improvement included doing a burpee for the first time--and celebrating the accomplishment.
"I don't have any doubt in my mind at all that if I hadn't been working for the last four years the way I have, I would not be doing what I can do today," he says.
Video by Dave Leys.
3min 32sec
Additional reading: "A CrossFit Grandma" by Mary Conover, published Oct. 1, 2004.
10 Commandments of Muscle Mass for Women
"Don't get too bulky." "If your shoulders get too big, you'll look like a man!" "You're too skinny, you need to eat!" "There's no way she's natural, she is definitely using steroids."
3 of the Best: This Week's Top Articles, Vol. 17
Welcome to our brand new weekend roundup, Three of the Best! Every Sunday, we'll post up Breaking Muscle's top three articles of the week. These pieces have caught your attention throughout the last seven days. So here they are in one place for you to consume, digest, and enjoy.
2015 Masters Competition: Parts 3 and 4

In this four-part series, Gary Roberts and Travis Cosentino make their rounds among the elite competitors in the Masters competition at the 2015 Reebok CrossFit Games. Watch highlights from the events, interviews with the athletes, and footage of the trash talk and words of encouragement that motivate some of the Fittest on Earth to push themselves harder than ever.
Parts 3 and 4 cover the final day of the competition. On their way to the stadium, the athletes talk about what they did to stay fresh after the five grueling events of the previous days. Diane McKinney, a competitor in the Masters Women 55-59 Division, says, "Gotta eat. Gotta eat to perform."
Friends, family and fans cheer the athletes on as they head into the day's first event, The Sandwich, an 80-calorie row followed by 40 shoulders-to-overheads and 80 deadlifts for time. Upon completion of the event, only the top 10 athletes advance to the final.
Part 4 follows the top athletes in each division into the last challenge. Director of the CrossFit Games Dave Castro takes the competition floor for the big reveal: "You're going to do the first event we ever did at the Home Depot Center."
During Amanda, the athletes fight for muscle-ups, work to stabilize tired shoulders for squat snatches and calm their nerves during the tight race to the finish. Afterward, Castro reflects on how the level of fitness at the Games has changed over the years: "I know there were individuals who in their 20s five years ago did not do it in five minutes. That is something special."
Video by Gary Roberts and Travis Cosentino.
Part 3: 14min 34sec
Part 4: 14min 24sec
Additional audio: "CrossFit Radio Episode 117" by Justin Judkins, published Jan. 21, 2009.
Wednesday, February 10, 2016
Lines of Coke

Food-industry watchdogs: "Exercise is medicine" just a platitude designed to distance Big Soda from chronic disease.
At first blush, it seems like a harmless statement: "Exercise is medicine." Exercise, after all, is good.
"It's plainly true," said Gary Ruskin, co-founder and co-director of U.S. Right to Know, a whistleblower nonprofit targeting the food industry. "Physical and mental health indicators are improved through exercise. In general, it's a great thing."
Exercise Is Medicine (EIM)--registered trademark--as promoted by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), however, is not a great thing, Ruskin noted.
"ACSM is an organization that is somewhat aligned with Coca-Cola, so this is a part of Coca-Cola's effort to deny its responsibility for the epidemic of soda-related diseases that have plagued our country," he said.
EIM is one of the ACSM's major initiatives. The Coca-Cola Co. is the program's first founding partner, noted ACSM CEO and executive vice president Jim Whitehead in 2012.
Central to the EIM initiative is the notion of doctor-prescribed physical activity.
That is a problem, noted Greg Glassman, CrossFit Inc. Founder and CEO.
"When exercise is medicine according to Coca-Cola, then CrossFit is nothing short of medical malpractice," he told an audience on Nov. 12 at CrossFit Downey in Southern California when touring affiliates as part of the "California Invasion: Rally to Fight Big Soda."
Shoulder Rehab
Tuesday, February 9, 2016
Ask Rip #20
Mark Rippetoe, author of Starting Strength: Basic Barbell Training, answers your questions in the Ask Rip Video Series.
Audio version: Ask Rip 16-02-09
Subscribe: RSS | iTunes
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Practical Alternatives to Processed Protein Bars
Learning how to eat better is one of the keys to long-term health and happiness. It may even be the most important thing we need to do in order to kick ass for as long as possible. I am a huge fan of anybody trying to find their own way to a diet that nourishes them and their family.
Monday, February 8, 2016
SS Weekly Report February 8, 2016
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News
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Articles
Progressive 'Exercise Science' Community Embarrasses Itself - Rip explains how.
Videos
Nicholas Racculia delivers part 2 of Training Optimality Tested, analysing of training log data from the Starting Strength forums.
From the archives this week: The Leg Press. Rip explains how the leg press can be a valuable tool.
Training Log
Rip on Doctors and Exercise Advice:
"Every day, I deal with the nonsense promulgated by doctors practicing outside their expertise."
Starting Strength Channel
Ask Rip #19: Tom Campitelli joins Ask Rip to deliver hard hitting questions on cannibalism and the classic film, The Last Picture Show.
Under the Bar
Coach Arin teaches the young boys of WSC, starting with the squat bottom position. [photo courtesy of Inna Koppel]
At the age of 78, Bob decided he wanted to start to start training with the barbell. He bought THE book, started reading it and contacted FiveX3 Training to help "into practice what he [Rip] is preaching." [photo courtesy of Emily Socolinsky]
Jake Umholtz deadlifts 350x5 as he trains to get strong for football and powerlifting. [photo courtesy of Black Iron Training]
Last weekend Rip and Nick Delgadillo held a squat workshop for the staff of Fort Worth Strength & Conditioning. (1 of 3) [photo courtesy of Darin Deaton]
Rip coaches the squat at the training event in Ft. Worth. (2 of 3) [photo courtesy of Darin Deaton]
After the theory was explained, everyone got under the bar to go through the teaching method and train the squat. (3 of 3) [photo courtesy of Darin Deaton]
Click images to view slideshow.
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Best of the Week
Post Operative Barbell Rehab
Will Morris
On 6 January I underwent a triple right elbow surgical procedure consisting of a posterior elbow arthroscopy with osteophyte excision, a right Ulnar Collateral Ligament (Tommy John) reconstruction, and a right ulnar nerve anterior transposition, as well as a Palmaris Longus tendon harvest from the left forearm (I have an anatomical variance where I did not have a Palmaris Longus in the right arm). After surgery, I was placed in a bulky, posterior elbow splint locking me at 90 degrees of elbow flexion and a short arm cast on the left arm.The first three days immediately post-op were pretty awful. The swelling in the posterior and medial elbow was legendary. I also had an ulnar nerve injury during the surgery, and it produced a fairly wicked neuralgia, coupled with pronounced weakness in the hand. At 5 days post-op, I had the surgical splint discontinued, and I was placed in a Bledsoe elbow brace with a range of motion lock and valgus stabilizing bar. Much like all post-post-op patients, I began with range of motion, and truthfully, my elbow didn't move a whole lot after the surgery. I spent the next week working on getting a functional range of motion (still can't wipe my own ass, wash my hair, or shave with my right hand).This brings me to just about 2 weeks post-op. I started squatting, using only as much weight as I could balance on my back without causing any medial elbow pain. I started off with a weird Hulk Hogan like pose with my left arm in the standard position and my right arm (in the brace) extended as much as possible and resting my hands on the plates. My first day in, I was only able to squat 225 for sets of 5. The first couple of sessions, I could not bench the empty bar, so I used the (drops head in shame) Smith Machine with 5s on each side, and I was only able to pull 45# off the floor on deadlift.I have been training most days, and after speaking to you, I bumped up to two a days. Today I was able to easily manage 315 on squats for sets across of 5s, and I was able to deadlift 135 for a set of 5, and bench 75 for sets across of 5s.For clarification, for my particular situation, the rules of engagement are as follows:
posterior elbow pain is of no concern.
any medial elbow pain during any activity will cause me to immediately stop and wait a week before attempting that again.
I am not doing any upper extremity training to the level of fatigue in order to keep from damaging the ulnar nerve any further.
Mark Rippetoe
Excellent progress, Will. Keep us posted as you Walk the Walk.
Best of the Forum
Osteopathologist advice on squats
maxitis
Recently I was talking to an Osteopathologist and long story short, I told her about my gym exercises. When she heard the word squat she freaked out and she told me that it's the worst exercise for my back. After she finished, I told her that it actually makes me feel better when I complete my sets and she responded that the exercise is placing all the weight in the lumbar discs and that in the long run it will cause problems to the area.
My feeling is that she translated the problem into math: squat=body+bar
So, because bar is on the body and body is kept by lumbar discs: squat=problem.Can somebody with knowledge on the subject enlighten me about her claims?She told me exactly that: "the weight is sitting on the lumbar discs. You may not feel it now but after some years you will have problems with your back".
Mark Rippetoe
You propose to educate a terminally-degreed doctor on the adaptive aspects of the human stress/recovery response? You? A mere lay person? You are about to learn something yourself.
DrPhilWV
Osteopathic physicians are regular old physicians with manual medicine training.
Some are more knowledgeable about biomechanics than others
I am an Osteopathic Physician (Hospitalist) who trained other physicians on Osteopathic Principles and Practices for about a decade
Yep, doesn't know what she's taking about. But then, you'd be shocked at how many physicians routinely talk out of their ass with no evidence to support their claims.
Mark Rippetoe
I have a lot of respect for freshly trained DOs. I have learned quite a bit about manual therapy from them over the years. They often have a much better approach to diagnosis and analysis than MDs. The problems start when they forget their manual training and shift their practice to mirror the SOP of MDs.
5 Ways to Increase the Value of Your Brand With Social Media
As strength and conditioning coaches, most of us found our passion in the gym and on the playing field. We are masters of our physical craft, and can articulate the most complex training methodologies to anyone and everyone.
Sunday, February 7, 2016
3 of the Best: This Week's Top Articles, Vol. 16
Welcome to our brand new weekend roundup, Three of the Best! Every Sunday, we'll post up Breaking Muscle's top three articles of the week. These pieces have caught your attention throughout the last seven days. So here they are in one place for you to consume, digest, and enjoy.
Saturday, February 6, 2016
Video: How to Anchor Your Feet for a Monumental Squat
How are you ensuring a solid connection to the floor so you can move big weight in the squat? A large array of problems with the squat, such as heels rising, knees collapsing and chest falling forwards, can be remedied by simply concentrating on the feet and their relationship to the lift.
Friday, February 5, 2016
From the Archives: The Leg Press
The CrossFit Kitchen: Kickin' Like Van Damme Chicken

Just in time for Super Bowl Sunday! In this video, Nick Massie of PaleoNick.com shares his recipe for kickin' like Van Damme chicken, a dish he calls "the bigger brother" to his bacon-wrapped jalapeno poppers.
Massie's kickin' chicken features a careful arrangement of chicken fingers on a bell-pepper base. That combo is topped with jalapeno slices and wrapped in thin-sliced bacon, and it's served layered over a creamy puree of parsnips.
In preparation for the dish, Massie performs a chandelier cut on a bell pepper to make the popper body. He then divides the chicken and jalapenos and starts stacking. After Massie wraps each stack in bacon using a "double tuck" technique, the poppers are ready to go in the pan.
This dish, Massie notes, is special because it uses parsnips for its carbohydrate. Parsnips, he says, are a sweet and minty "alternative to most of the carbs that we eat regularly."
Once the poppers reach an internal temperature of 165 F, they can be placed on top of the pureed parsnips. For a finishing touch, the chef adds some Massie Mayo and cilantro.
To download the recipe for Kickin' Chicken, click here.
Video by Nick Massie.
4min 57sec
Additional reading: "Roasting Virtuosity" by E.M. Burton, published April 11, 2015.
A 4-Week Challenge to Develop Unexpected Strength
For a number of years, when I lived in an apartment in Arizona, I trained with a barbell and some weight plates out in the desert. I'd fit the barbell and plates into my vehicle any way I could. Training with a large variety of implements has always been my forte, but it doesn't mean I can't hang with a barbell.
Thursday, February 4, 2016
Master Dynamic Tension for Mobility and Strength
There is something primal and satisfying about strong movement. Think of the incredible grace and terrifying power of a prowling tiger, or the way monkeys swing from branches and vines with ease while we humans struggle to pull ourselves up on a bar. Witnessing someone with the level of autonomy these animals have is a lesson in control that leaves an unforgettable impression.
Strength Without Contraptions
Doctors and Exercise Advice
He told me that...
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by Mark Rippetoe
I was in the doctor's office last week - some guy stuff needed dealing with - and the urologist told me some interesting facts about why and how I should "alkalize" my urine. I had a kidney stone or 3 several years ago, but I've had no symptoms in the interim, and I was seeing him for an unrelated issue.
He told me that I should take a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) in a glass of water a couple of times a day. He said it raises the pH of the body as well as the urine, which prevents against acid-based stones as well as general inflammation, and helps with athletics by lowering levels of lactic acid in the muscles. Acid in the body is bad, you see, and anything you can do to raise the pH should be done.
I won't bore you with the specifics of the physiology, but every word of this is complete bullshit - of the kind you'd expect from a bartender, not a doctor. Let's assume the urology advice to alkalize the urine is correct - he is a urologist, after all, and there is good evidence for this. The part about lactic acid in the muscles is absolute nonsense, and has been known to be absolute nonsense for decades now. You cannot ignore the gastric acid rebound effects of repeated doses of soda. You cannot ignore the fact that "acid" does not cause inflammation. And you cannot ignore the fact that lactic acid does not cause muscle soreness, and its accumulation cannot be "controlled" - even if you wanted to control it - by the ingestion of baking soda.
This is an example of a physician practicing outside his knowledge, training, expertise, and experience. My urologist knows absolutely nothing about sports physiology, as demonstrated by his "lactic acid" comment, but he still felt perfectly justified in giving me advice pertaining thereto. And this is a relatively benign example thereof.
It becomes less benign when doctors, Physical Therapists, chiropractors, Physician's Assistants, and even nurses hand out advice about exercise when that advice has no basis in fact. People pay attention to things their doctors tell them, whether they are true or not (this is a side-effect of paying heinous sums for an office visit).
Admit it: You've said, "Well, after all, he is a Doctor."
I say, "Yes, he is only a doctor. He is not a strength coach."
Every day, I deal with the nonsense promulgated by doctors practicing outside their expertise. Usually this takes the form of bad advice about barbell exercise distributed as part of an orthopedic surgeon's consultation with a potential surgery patient, or in the post-operative phase of the patient's rehabilitation. Here is a short list:
Squats are bad for the knees.
Squats will "blow out" your knees.
Squats are bad for the back.
Deadlifts will destroy your back. "Blow it out."
Squat with as vertical a back as possible - shear force will "blow out" your back.
Overhead presses will destroy your shoulders.
Lighter weights for higher reps build the same strength as heavy weights for lower reps - but they're safer.
Lifting weights will stunt a kid's growth.
Lifting weights and getting too strong makes you less "athletic."
Lifting weights reduces your flexibility.
Lifting weights makes you slower.
Lifting weights will give you arthritis.
Lifting weights will make your arthritis worse.
Lifting weights will give you a heart attack/stroke/aneurysm.
All that muscle will turn to fat when you stop lifting weights.
You don't need to hear good bass, man - you just feel good bass. (Wait... that was back in high school. Sorry, same type of bullshit.)
If these stupid things sound a lot like what people who don't know what they're talking about say, it's because that's exactly what they are. Except it's not your bartender. It's your doctor.
He should know better than to bullshit you. After all, he refers you to medical specialists when your case is outside his specialty. Urologists don't practice neurology, and dermatologists don't practice oncology - at least not for long. But they all feel perfectly qualified to bullshit about exercise.
So, as a strength coach, how do I explain that the information you obtained from your Physical Therapist about strength training isn't exactly correct? Your orthopedic surgeon told you to just lift light weights real slow instead of trying to lift progressively heavier weights - after all, they both make your muscles burn, and after all he is a Doctor, and here I am, some guy in a gym, telling you that your doctor is, uh, wrong.
When people who operate under the imprimatur conferred by professional licensure and a terminal degree decide to practice outside their bailiwick, it complicates an already difficult situation.
I don't practice brain surgery. It requires training and experience that I don't have. I'm not even entitled to an opinion about brain surgery. The problem is that doctors fail to recognize the fact that strength coaches and exercise professionals possess expertise and experience which physicians do not, and this means that they should limit their advice to their own specialty. Like I do.
Coaching human movement under a load is not the academic equivalent of brain surgery. But it requires a different skill set than the brain surgeon uses in his professional practice. Expertise in the one field does not guarantee expertise in the other, since they are two completely separate fields of endeavor within different areas of the biological and physical sciences.
Unless the doctor is also a lifter who has coached other lifters for years, the doctor should practice medicine and leave me to practice strength coaching. If I need his help, I'll ask for it. And maybe someday he'll learn to ask for mine.
Patti: A Journey Toward Wellness

After struggling with her health for years—surviving cancer and developing Type 2 diabetes—Patti Goldenson decided to turn her life around. Since joining CrossFit South Bay in Torrance, California, she's lost 135 lb. and no longer needs to take diabetes medication.
Goldenson's journey began after she broke her back at work. While she was in recovery, her physical therapist, Ron Satow, invited her to a contest at his gym. He was surprised when "she actually did show up" on a Saturday morning.
"She was prepared for a change," Satow says.
Goldenson also remembers that first morning: "I went over there and sat in my car. I couldn't get out. I was so scared. I wanted to go so bad, but I didn't think I could."
After overcoming the initial intimidation, she found a supportive community.
"There was also this energy there. It felt like people really cared," she says.
Eventually she was able to quiet the inner voice that was telling her she couldn't do it, and she kept coming back. Now she's reclaiming her health and proving that great things are possible when you find the courage to make changes in your life.
"You have to accept where you are and start from there," she says. "Everyone starts from where they're at."
Video by Jesse Kahle.
6min 53sec
Additional reading: "Sugar and Diabetes: Myths and Misleadings" by Brittney Saline, published Sept. 13, 2015.
Wednesday, February 3, 2016
Squat Better Today

Your ego has cursed you. Break the spell in three steps.
"There is a compelling tendency among novices
to quickly move past the fundamentals." —Greg Glassman, CrossFit Founder and CEO
Read that quote twice. Maybe three times.
Now admit that you—yes, you—are afflicted by the novice's curse.
Far more powerful than the Madden Curse combined with the Curse of the Hope Diamond, the novice's curse is utterly indiscriminate: It affects 99 percent of people who do anything.
Luke Skywalker succumbed when he brushed off the last of his training and went to fight Vader. Your partner bowed to the curse when he or she tried to assemble the new barbecue without reading the instructions. Your kids got a taste when they fired up "Guitar Hero III" and tried to play "Through the Fire and Flames" on expert mode before they mastered easy mode.
You're burdened by the curse when you squat.
The Lowest Man Wins: 7 Keys to Hip Power and Mobility
I spent thirteen years playing offensive line (o-line) - specifically, center. I can tell those of you who have never had the chance to play on the line that we are a group of selfless guys who are a family within the family. We will almost never get any headlines, and we don’t want them. That’s not the reason we play. It’s all about being part of a unit (the o-line itself) and paving the way for victories for our team.
Training Optimality Tested Part 2 | Nicholas Racculia
Tuesday, February 2, 2016
Ask Rip #19
Mark Rippetoe, author of Starting Strength: Basic Barbell Training, answers your questions in the Ask Rip Video Series.
Audio version: Ask Rip 16-02-02
Subscribe: RSS | iTunes
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Banish Pain Permanently: Basic Drills to Repair Your Posture
This article provides an in-depth description of five fundamental posture exercises. These are the cues and tidbits of information that I go over with my clients in person. When implemented properly, they will greatly increase the benefit you get from doing the exercises.
My goal is to provide you with additional details about each of these five exercises that you may not find in any of my previous videos or from other books or resources on the Internet.
Monday, February 1, 2016
SS Weekly Report February 1, 2016
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News
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Submit your images to enter this month’s Under the Bar prize drawing.
Articles
From the Archives: Lifts vs Assistance Exercises. Rip explains why training must focus on correct programming of the primary lifts.
Videos
Nicholas Racculia presents his analysis of Starting Strength forum training logs Training Optimality Tested.
Training Log
Starting Strength Coaches Jayson Ball and Noah Milstein demonstrate proper use of the TUBOW - Terribly Useful Block Of Wood.
Podcast
Stress Builds Character - Rip joins Ray Gillenwater to discuss the parallels between business and strength training.
Physical Therapy Done Right - Doctor of Physical Therapy and Starting Strength Coach John Petrizzo joins the podcast to discuss his work in the field of physical therapy - a profession rife with silly bullshit.
Under the Bar
WFAC member Charlie Barham finishes up a set of near double-bodyweight deadlifts at 300 lbs. [photo courtesy of Nick Delgadillo]
After a diagnosis of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome at age 5, Kristi was told she should never ride a bike, take gym class or pick up more than 5 pounds. She started barbell training this week. Thursday: SQ 25#, PR 20#, DL 58#. [photo courtesy of FiveX3 Training]
Rabia Uddin pulls a PR 170lb deadlift under the watchful eye of Jerome Wisneski, SSC. [photo courtesy of Nicholas Racculia]
Doni Sonnenblick squats 275x3. Doni uses a shim under his foot to resolve a limb length discrepancy while training. [photo courtesy of Inna Koppel]
Karen Stein works on finding proper depth and forward lean while working with coach Cody Miller. She has lost 10 pounds while becoming twice as strong on each lift since beginning the Starting Strength method. [photo courtesy of Cody Miller]
Click images to view slideshow.
Submit your images to report@startingstrength.com
Submission guidelines to enter this month’s Under the Bar prize drawing.
Best of the Week
Starting Strength Podcast | Physical Therapy Done Right with John Petrizzo
wal
You need to do that RMO rehab shoulder thing sometime, because I have had cortisone in both rotator cuffs years back and numerous physio sessions with the rubber band thing, however the left shoulder never really recovered until I started pressing and so on.
Is it possible that the actual strength training program is in itself its own rehab? Rehabilitation then is best handled in house if this is the case.
The whole Physiotherapy industry appears then to be based on the premise that any physical injury must have the intervention of a Physiotherapist. Mandatory over here for any work injury.
There is a lot of money involved in injury management and the outcomes are not always a full recovery.
John Petrizzo
Recent research is actually finding that to be the case, Wal. As an example, exercise alone has been shown to work better than combinations of passive modalities in treating and preventing low back pain according to a recent meta-analysis:
Prevention of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Aryah
Great talk there. I’m a little way along into the process of applying Starting Strength (as far as is possible) to my wife who has severe scoliosis. We were at a second orthopedic specialist on Monday this week for another opinion on her situation. Surgery isn’t an option, although my wife has in the past had spinal fusion (it was 30:16 in the video which made me think of this) and two Harrington rods. This second orthopedic professor warned against loading weight on or above my wife’s shoulders as it will compress the spine. In that moment I saw your face with a sarcastic expression talking about sheer (and inadvertently compression) in an interview and saying that the back gets stronger to compensate for increased weight. She has also gone from an underweight 49kgs to a good 53kgs (so far), but the orthopedic professor warned against the weight gain given that it will load the skeleton further. On our way out my wife and I discussed how we had both in the that moment resolved to carry on with her strength training anyway, because we both knew its benefits from having done it. Her pain has decreased and she has suffered no injury from her training. As a whole she is doing much better in terms of quality of life.
Rip you helped me previously recover from my lat insertion injury simply by training it. It recovered amazingly quickly by the way, from having severe pain for months to having no pain after about two or three weeks. Using the same principle, I rehabbed a hip muscle injury (didn’t push my damn knees out enough in a squat) with the same protocols and it was good to go in no time at all.
With the above in mind, it blows my mind that the common physical therapy practice has reached this state of stagnation and uselessness when the solution is so simple.
Gustafson
I am currently in PT to rehab my shoulder. I’m 5 weeks out on decompression, Mumford and spur removal on my left shoulder. Would love to know how exactly you rehabbed.
The external rotation is taking the longest to come back.
Mark Rippetoe
And the reason you think that the external rotators are slow in coming back is because you are being told that they function in isolation as external rotators of the humerus. They do not. The only time they actually do this in in the PT office. Think for a second: have you ever performed this motion outside of the therapy appointment? Ever? Even once? Their actual anatomical function is as humeral stabilizers—they maintain tension on the humeral head, keeping it seated in the glenoid. They also happen to externally rotate the humerus if you construct an artificial situation in which this can be done with a tiny weight—that cannot make anything stronger.
Presses and chins require that the humeral head remain stable in the glenoid, and all the muscles that perform this function are involved in these movements. ALL OF THEM. So, if you press and chin/lat pull, you are working all these muscles, including the injured ones, and doing so in a more normal anatomical context than in isolation with a 3-pound dumbbell or an elastic band. In the systemic context, the injured muscles work while (whilst?) being protected by the healthy muscles adjacent to the injury. As they heal, they assume a greater share of their normal anatomically-assigned role. And this is the basis of correct rehab. Typical isolation-based PT is not.
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Should I be pushing my rep as fast as possible?
LowCarbDude
For at least Bench and Press should I be trying to do the rep from contracted as fast as possible, and ease down from expanded. Slow to average down, quickly up?
Does this really help build strength faster?
Mark Rippetoe
You should do the hardest concentric contraction you can.
Kevin Pavon
In Starting Strength:Basic Barbell Training 3rd Edition, p. 163, Rip says,
“For both the bench press and the squat, optimum bar speed occurs when the bar moves fast enough to efficiently elicit a stretch reflex and thus permit an efficient drive up. Bar speed is too slow when the descent produces fatigue, as it will if you deliberately lift submaximal loads very slowly. Bar speed is too fast when it actually adds momentum to the load on the bar on the way down, so that you must decelerate against both the weight on the bar and the effect of its excessive velocity on that load -where the effective load on the bar is actually heavier than the weight.”
Also on that page,
“Don’t think about lowering the bar; just think about driving it up.”
Read up.
danlightbulb
Maybe off topic, sorry, but I definitely do not feel a stretch reflex on the bench press. Off what muscles do you have a bounce and how pronounced should it be?
Mark Rippetoe
The muscles in which the stretch reflex occurs will obviously be the muscles which lift the weight. Eccentric/stretch reflex/concentric. So, triceps, pecs, delts, et al. I believe the book mentions that you have to tighten things up voluntarily to create the stretch reflex.